IGEM/UP/1B Edition 4

Reference Guide

Quick-reference for engineers carrying out tightness testing and purging on natural gas, LPG and LPG/air installations.

Disclaimer: This page is a summary for field reference only. Always consult the full IGEM/UP/1B Edition 4 standard and any current Gas Safe Register guidance. The engineer on site remains responsible for correct application of the standard.

Key changes in Edition 4

  • Installation Volume (IV) drives the permissible drop. Earlier editions tied the limit primarily to meter size; Edition 4 uses the total installation volume (pipework + meter + fittings) to look up the allowable pressure loss.
  • Perceptible gauge movement is not attributable to the gas installation pipework. Where any perceptible movement is seen, the installation fails the tightness test regardless of the tabulated limit.
  • The standard distinguishes between gauge types and their resolution when defining what counts as "perceptible".

Test pressure by fuel gas

Fuel gasTest pressure
Natural Gas (NG)20 mbar
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)45 mbar
LPG/Air45 mbar

Permissible pressure-drop limits

Tables 2-4 of IGEM/UP/1B Edition 4. Values are the maximum permissible drop during the tightness test period.

Natural Gas (NG)

Installation volumeLimit
IV <= 0.005 m³≤ 8 mbar
0.005 < IV <= 0.010 m³≤ 4 mbar
0.010 < IV <= 0.015 m³≤ 2.5 mbar
0.015 < IV <= 0.035 m³≤ 1 mbar
IV > 0.035 m³Out of scope for IGEM/UP/1B Edition 4No perceptible movement

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Installation volumeLimit
IV <= 0.0025 m³≤ 2 mbar
0.0025 < IV <= 0.005 m³≤ 1 mbar
0.005 < IV <= 0.010 m³≤ 0.5 mbar
IV > 0.010 m³No perceptible movement

LPG/Air

Installation volumeLimit
IV <= 0.025 m³≤ 1.5 mbar
0.025 < IV <= 0.035 m³≤ 0.5 mbar
IV > 0.035 m³Out of scope for IGEM/UP/1B Edition 4No perceptible movement

Perceptible movement thresholds

Any visible movement of the gauge above these thresholds during the test is a fail, because it indicates a leak that is not attributable to the installation pipework.

Gauge typePerceptible movement threshold
Water gauge0.25 mbar
Electronic gauge (2 decimal places)0.25 mbar
Electronic gauge (1 decimal place)0.2 mbar

Installation Volume (IV)

The Installation Volume is the total internal volume of the installation being tested, including:

  • All gas installation pipework downstream of the emergency control valve (ECV)
  • The meter body and any associated meter-control volume
  • Any additional volumes such as boosters, governors or other components

IV = sum of pipework volumes + meter volume + additional volumes

Pipework volume is calculated from the internal diameter and length of each run:

Volume = pi * (ID / 2)^2 * length

Purge volume

After any interruption of gas supply, or before commissioning, the installation must be purged with the appropriate fuel gas to remove air or inert gas. The required purge volume is:

PV = 1.5 x IV

Where PV is purge volume and IV is the installation volume.

Purge time can be estimated if the meter gas rate is known:

Time (minutes) = (PV / gas rate) * 60

Step-by-step procedure summary

  1. Select fuel gas and gauge type (Clause 5.6)
    Confirm the test pressure and the perceptible-movement threshold that apply to the installation.
  2. Determine Installation Volume (Clause 6.3)
    Measure or calculate the volume of all pipework, the meter and any additional components.
  3. Apply test pressure and stabilise (Clause 7.3)
    Raise the installation to the correct test pressure and allow time for temperature stabilisation before reading the gauge.
  4. Record observed pressure drop (Clause 7.3, Tables 2-4)
    Note the drop over the required test period. Check for any perceptible movement of the gauge.
  5. Interpret the result (Clause 7.3)
    If there is any perceptible movement, the test fails. If not, compare the observed drop to the permissible limit for the installation volume.
  6. Retest pipework only if required (Clause 7.3)
    Where a meter or regulator is isolated and suspected of contributing to a drop, repeat the test on the pipework alone. No perceptible movement is permitted on the retest.
  7. Purge before commissioning or after supply interruption (Clause 8)
    Pass at least 1.5 times the installation volume of gas through the system and verify appliances are operating correctly.

Common pipe sizes (internal diameters)

SizeInternal diameter
8 mm copper6.4 mm
10 mm copper8.4 mm
15 mm copper13.2 mm
22 mm copper20.0 mm
28 mm copper26.2 mm
35 mm copper32.8 mm
42 mm copper39.8 mm
1/2" steel (15 mm)16.1 mm
3/4" steel (20 mm)21.6 mm
1" steel (25 mm)27.3 mm
1 1/4" steel (32 mm)35.9 mm
1 1/2" steel (40 mm)41.4 mm
2" steel (50 mm)52.5 mm

Typical meter volumes

Approximate internal volumes for common domestic and small commercial meters. Always verify against the manufacturer's badged data plate.

MeterApprox. volume
U6 diaphragm (domestic)0.0071 m³
U16 diaphragm0.023 m³
U25 diaphragm0.036 m³
U40 diaphragm0.049 m³
U65 diaphragm0.082 m³
E6 (ultrasonic/rotary domestic)0.003 m³
E16 ultrasonic0.008 m³

Remember: This calculator and reference guide do not replace the full standard, competent training, or sound engineering judgement. If in doubt, consult IGEM/UP/1B Edition 4 in full.